POVZETEK
Glavni namen V2X je izboljšanje cestno prometne varnosti, povečanje pretoka prometa, zmanjšanje trkov v okolju in omogočanje dodatnih servisnih informacij na poti. Gre za komunikacijske rešitve vozil V2X (Vehicle-to-everything), ki vsebuje štiri glavne smeri: V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle), V2I (Vehiecle-to-Infrastucture), V2N (Vehicle-to-Network) in V2P (Vehicle-to-Pedestrian).
Začelo se je z ameriškim sistemom »5G Ameriicas V2X Cellular Solutions«, ki temelji na statističnih podatkih avtomobilskih trkov/nesreč v letu od 2004-2008 (USDOT, US Department of Transportation), kjer so prišli do ugotovitev, da popolno implementirani sistem V2X lahko naslovijo na cca 4,5 milijonov trkov/nesreč, kar je cca. 81 % vseh nesreč. Pri USDOT pričakujejo, da bi po letu 2019 tovarne vozil razvile ustrezne naprave za tehnologijo obveščanja DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication) v vozilih, ki že 10 let poteka na obsežnem testiranju auto-ekosistemov ponudnikov rešitev V2X. Slednji koristijo frekvenčni spekter na 5,9 GHz.
Mobilni operaterji omrežij 5G/LTE lahko postanejo potencialni ponudniki sistemov V2X. Npr. v ZDA so že vključeni v meddržavno podeželsko komunikacijo. Dodatna prednost je v tem, da lahko omrežja LTE podaljšajo doseg V2X iz dosedanjih 300 metrov do nekaj kilometrov in več, kar je je velika pridobitev za udeležence cestnega prometa, ki lahko pridobijo ustrezne podatke, npr. cestna opozorila o možnih nesrečah, pogojih na poti in morebitnih prometnih zamaških.

ABSTRACT
5G V2X communications
As its name implies, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications and its solutions enable the exchange of information between vehicles and between vehicle network infrastructure. The goal of V2X is to improve road safety, increase the efficient flow of traffic, reduce environmental impacts and provide additional traveler information services. V2X communications consists of four types of communications: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-network, (V2N) and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P).
Based on extensive analysis of crash data from 2004 to 2008, the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) has concluded that a fully implemented V2X system can address 4.5 million crashes, which is 81 percent of all multi-vehicle, unimpaired crash types. The USDOT is expected to mandate that vehicles manufactured in late 2019 and beyond deploy dedicated short range communication (DSRC) devices to support V2V and V2I communications. The U.S. DSRC solution has gone through extensive testing by the auto ecosystem players for over 10 years and utilizes dedicated spectrum at 5.9 GHz.
Mobile operators 5G/LTE have the potential of providing additional value to the overall V2X solution. Cellular networks already blanket nearly the entire U.S., including rural interstates. Those networks could be used to distribute certificate and certificate revocation lists and for RSU backhaul communications. Additionally, LTE networks can extend the V2X range from the 300 meters that DSRC can achieve to several kilometers or more. This extended range could benefit drivers by providing earlier notifications of accidents, road conditions and traffic congestion ahead.